What steels are used in authentic Japanese sword forging?
Updated Feb 2026
Our authentic Japanese swords use six forged carbon steels. 1045 carbon steel (0.45% carbon) provides a durable, accessible entry point. 1060 (0.60% carbon) offers the best balance of hardness and flexibility. Manganese steel provides mid-range hardness with good corrosion resistance. 1095 high-carbon steel (0.95% carbon) achieves the highest edge hardness and the most defined hamon when clay tempered. T10 tool steel contains tungsten for superior wear resistance and is the most popular premium choice. Damascus steel is created by folding and welding layers of carbon steel, producing visible surface patterning and a refined internal structure.